Metabolismus.net

Coffee effects

admin — Fri, 04 Jan 2008 01:01:52 +0000

Too many people can’t imagine a day without coffee or tea. And what about citizens of Northern Europe (Denmark, Scandinavia, Finland), where the coffee consumption is double to the Czech’s one.

Caffeine

More than a half of adult Americans consumes 300 mg of caffeine a day, whereas average caffeine content of a coffe cup of (150 ml) fo coffee is around 85 mg and instant coffee 60 mg. A cup of tea contains around 30 mg. Caffeine is a natural substance, purine alcaloid, which among others functions as an insecticide in nature and protects leaves against insect. Caffeine gets into blood vessels in 30 minutes after consumption. It is up to whether the coffee is with milk or black and you are on an empty stomach. Coffee with milk or cream rapidly decreases the effect of caffeine, because stomach mucosa is going to be covered by mucous coating, which obstructs to absorbtion of caffeine and the effect is much more weaker. Likely in cases of consumption of other milk products.

Adenosine

Adenosine has influence on releasing of blood vessels and caffeine then invokes their contraction by blockade of adenosine’s receptors and it leads to blood pressure elevations. Similarly the vessels in brain where caffeine can invoke headache but even damp it down. Headache is often invoked by nerves stimulation near by blood vessels and their sudden vasoconstriction can be the trigger or killer. That’s why anti-headache pills containe caffeine mostly.

Diuretic

Opposite situation happens in kidneys where caffeine causes increase of blood flow and hence increase of urine production. This diuretic effect toghether with increase perspiration after coffe consumption has a negative influence on metabolism of minerals. Moreover caffeine stimulates releasing of cortisone and adrenaline which stimulates blood pressure and heart frequence

Dopamine

Dopamine handles transport of nerve impulses and it is situated in dendrid from which it is released, sometimes less (caffeine, stress, excitement), sometimes more (cocaine etc.). Dopamine activates receptors, responsible for production of of effective substances with similar stimul. effect (increased attention, concentration etc.) or inhibitory effects. When caffeine stops taking effect, the releasing of dopamine decreases and get back to the neurons vesicle. For instance, cocaine obstructs to this process by blocking some kind of protein.

Advatages of coffee drinking

Reduction of risc of creation of bile stones

Relaxation of muscle of airways (asthmatic)

Protective effect against diabetes of type 2

Against Parkinson’s desease

Disadvantage of coffee drinkink

Negative effect on metabolism of minerals (ca, Na, K) in kidneys, thanks to diuretic effect

Increased acidity of stomach (gastric ulcer)

Discontinuation symptoms: sleepiness, tiredness, dislikes

Disharmonized metabolism due to unwise consumption

Sorry, but this post is not available in English

admin — Tue, 01 Jan 2008 12:24:19 +0000

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admin — Fri, 28 Dec 2007 19:36:09 +0000

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HUNGER

admin — Fri, 16 Nov 2007 17:57:00 +0000

I’m 23 years old and I’m sure I’ve never been charged with anything. Nevertheless I was sentenced to endless starving. In comparison with many citizens of third world countries I am in worse situation because I’ve got enough money so an unexpected enrichment does not better my expectations.

I’ve tested out many kinds of diet which lasted no more than one month. My stomach has met more vegetables than a traditional Holland glasshouse is able to produce in 100 years. And do you think I was successful? If flatulency is name for weight loss I had been very successful young man. Unfortunately gas-escape evokes just cubage loss but not weight loss. I’m punished by my own genes, what a betrayal. Hunger is my shadow and try to get rid of your own shadow.

Yesterday night for instance. I could not fall asleep because I was pretty hungry, briliant. I offered two choices to myself.

1) In the face of relatively heavy tiredness, reach the fridge a eat something light. (It was clear right at the beginning that if I chose this way I would eat half an hour without break. Of course the offer does not include this. But just until I make decision.) And result? Just a little bit of fat in addition.

2) Close your eyes and attempt to fall asleep. You will suffer, fall asleep very late and maybe hunger will wake you up and the quality of sleep be like something of poor quality.

I said good bye to obesity couple years ago. But weight loss is only the first step. The next steps should be following months and years full of discipline. I managed this because I realized that there is no way without deep knowledge of human metabolism. I tried to provide you the essential knowledge of how the metabolism of obese people works and how does it differ from metabolism of slim people. If you really understand the rules of human metabolism you will get the absurdity of most of diets which seem to be made up by specialists but mostly it is just a commercial trick. Human being is an individuality and every one of us knows himself much more than anyone else. Everyone needs something different. We need knowledge to know what our body needs.

Boost metabolism

admin — Fri, 16 Nov 2007 17:46:36 +0000

The great disadvantage of always hungry people is slow metabolism. Ability of body cells (especially the muscular) to use energy is by each person different. Notoriously slim people can eat what they want in whatever amount and they do not get fat absolutely. Because they’ve got fast metabolism and their cells burns a lot of energy and much more quickly.

Basal metabolic rate ( BMR ) represents amount of energy needed for the basic metabolic processes during sleeping and peace of mind in normal temperature. In this state the energy consumption in 24 hours is approximately 7140 Kj (male) and 6300 Kj (female) / 1 calorie = 4 KiloJoules /. During one hour of sleeping the consumption of energy is 250 - 300 Kj and in one minute 5 Kj. So basal metabolic rate means basic metabolic procedures like heart activity, respiration, kidney functions and many others.

How much is metabolism fast is a question of genes predispositions but it is changing according to build-up. As I said the muscle takes care of main portion of energy consumption (in active state). Just for information the count of body cells (fat or muscle) is independent of weight increase or decrease. For example professional 30 years old body-builder in perfect condition has the same number of body cells like before he started body-building. Muscular cells have reserve of glucose and glycogen and by their glycolysis cells create molecules of ATP, immediate source of energy for muscle contraction and so on. Muscle cells of the body-builder are very big and ready for expenditure of great amount of energy. These cells have much higher consumption of energy than the cells of person who has been 5 days on tough diet and his cells have atrophied and got smaller about 15%. These cells need much less glycogen. It is same case like the fuel consumption of Hummer and little fiat. This is the main barrier for weight loss and fat loss. Because if we reduce our input of energy under the level our body needs then fat loss is not only one effect but it causes atrophy of muscle cells. And atrophy of muscle cells decrease the level of needed energy.

So if your energy consumption for keeping weight before some foolish diet was 12 000 Kj, it could be 8 000 Kj after the diet. It means to drop one big meal from your day menu for keeping your weight.

This is not anything good because we managed to weight loss but we have to eat fewer food than before to keep our weight. And in the case we want to lose more weight by some low-calorie diet we can’t eat almost anything. If we are lucky and we manage even this than we have to eat only vegetable, yogurts and tiny portion of every meal to keep our weight and level 6000Kj of energy consumption. In this damned situation man takes part in some grilling and beer drinking for 2 days and third day he’s got 5lb in addition. If your 2 day energy consumption was 30 000Kj so before diet 6 000Kj would be over the consumption level for weight keeping. But now would be over 18 000Kj and this caused the 5lb in addition.

Leptin resistance

admin — Fri, 16 Nov 2007 17:16:48 +0000

Is it really just a genes predisposition with what man ( the always hungry one ) must fight to ? Or ignorance is the main enemy? It is absolutely known that inclination to obesity is matter of inheritance but the question is whether the idea of inclination to obesity is not inexact or overestimated. Actually it’s all about metabolic imperfection, genetical abnormality, when the human body is not able of correct regulation of leptin. Leptin is a hormone which handles fat deposition.

Amount of fat depositions must be regulated and this is task for leptin. In the process of getting thicker fat cells start to enlarge themselves and produce much more leptin which comes into brain by blood and gives a signal : there is too much fat. Leptin receptors react and two changes happen: Decreasing of hunger and increase of energy for metabolism and human activity.

The more fat increasing the more leptin incoming into blood. In the properly functional metabolism the higher level of leptin in blood causes energy intake so our body would have enough energy for activity and following energy expenditure. In the case of metabolic imperfection the fat cells produce enough leptin but in brain there is not enough amount of active leptin receptors for incoming signals and therefore metabolism is not stimulated enough to expenditure of energy from consumed fat. The point is the majority of chemical signals is wasted because of not enough receptors and brain is confused and deaf to rest of the leptin signals. This is leptin resistance.

Leptin resistance is a result of two reasons. The first one is already mentioned genes predisposition. The second one is inhibition of leptin receptors caused by wrong eating manners. For example, starving whole day and big overeating in the evening. Overeating evokes fat cells to be persuaded they haven’t produced enough leptin and start to produce much more. Increased concentration of leptin in blood supercharge our brain which starts with inhibition certain amount of receptors what makes worse the problem. The result is brain deafness to leptin because of receptors inhibition, disturbance of this correlation and inhibition of whole metabolism.Brain doesn’t feel power of signals, doesn’t calm hunger down and doesn’t realize we consumed too much fat and energy and doesn’t turn it into promtly available energy. Result? Fat storing, tiredness, mental lazyness and permanent hunger. So … eat small portions but more often. It last some time till blood transports leptin to receptors and till brain signalizes satiety.

Insulin resistance

admin — Fri, 16 Nov 2007 17:12:07 +0000

Insuline is a hormone produced by pancreas and is a regulator of blood sugar. After carbohydrat consumption sugar gets into blood. Insulin stimulates insulin receptors of muscle cells to take sugar from blood to get blood sugar level back to normal. Person with insulin resistance has disordered stimulation of muscle cells receptors. The process is not enough effective and pancreas produces more insulin because the level of blood sugar must be decreased.

With insulin resistance blood is filled by sugar to certain level and muscle cells receptors do not respond enough to insulin. So in blood there is a lot of insulin which should get sugar into muscle cells but insulin receptors are deaf to insulin. It causes that the blood level stays higher and body is persuaded it haven’t produced enough insulin and pancreas goes on with producing. As a result there is a much more sugar and insulin in blood for one or two hours. And what about the fat metabolism? Because blood is full of sugar and energy, body has no need to turn fat into energy as a alternative.

That’s why ( insulin resistance person) the process of fat burning is stopped after eating carbohydrate with high glycemic index. It a reason why you should eat fat sweet desserts only you are under death threaten. If your body has a tendency to fat storing you will get into a vicious circle: the more fat you’ve got the stronger is your insulin resistance and you’re getting thicker and thicker.

What is the reason? Inheritance (omg why me?) or the similar reason like leptin resistance does. Low-calories diets or if food contains high percentage of fat cause insulin receptors amount reduction. If the insulin receptors of muscle cells stop react to insulin and do not allow sugar to get into the cells, the pancreas produces more insulin. Instead of muscle cells receptors begin to react to increasing amount of insulin, the situation is getting worse. If this process reached certain state it would be spoken about diabetes.

Main task in treatment for insulin resistance is to reduce percentage of fat of our body and our food. Because of the vicious circle I spoke about the fatter we are the stronger our insulin resistance is.

In woman body estrogen is important too in relation with insulin resistance. Estrogen influences insulin resistance. If your estrogen level is high your insulin resistance will be stronger and you will have tendency to obesity. The more fat the more production of estrogen and it is a new version of visious circle.

Sorry, but this post is not available in English

admin — Fri, 16 Nov 2007 17:05:12 +0000

Alcohol and Diet

admin — Fri, 16 Nov 2007 16:51:26 +0000

It is notoriously known that alcohol causes putting on weight. Fortunately it is not true bacause I like drinking. Sometimes I need whole night for drinking. Actually the statement is not well-founded. It’s true only in the case of drinking alcohol in the combination with eating fat meals in the interval of 3 or 4 hours. Not to eat fat meals couple hours before drinking is only one solution.

During making of alcohol (except of destillate) the yeast fungus change the sugar into alcohol and it suck the energy from the alcohol then. In liver there is a opposite process. 50% energy of beer is the energy from sugar. Destillate contains a little bit of sugar (except of rum which contains the same amount of sugar as wine does), it is only ethanol,water and some volatile matter.

Sugar does not accumulate in the body and does not turn into fat but turns into energy. The rest of the energy from alcohol is energy from ethanol which is used to oxidation of ethanol (liquidation) and is used for thermoregulation. Metabolism is intensified because there is demand of more energy for oxidation of ethanol . In other words for liquidation of ethanol there have to be enough energy for this liquidation. This is in connection with the sudden warming-up during drinking. What’s most important, alcohol is a toxin and if the liver did not get rid of this toxin it would have death consequences.

If we consume a big amount of alcohol it makes liver overloaded because it must get rid of it and that’s why liver can’t do the common activities like to supply blood with sugar. If we do not eat for long time the liver has to supply blood with sugar to certain level no matter whether the source is resources of fat or proteins. But in the case liver must do liquidation of ethanol, it can’t do this job. And the consequences? Not enough sugar in blood and minimal fat burning. If it to be a contrary it does not work even turning fat into energy if it was consumed in the time of drinking alcohol. So there is a tendency to storing fat in the shortest way.

1/5 of alcohol is absorbed in stomach and the rest in small intestine, that’s why we’ve got interesting flatus after booze. 90% of alcohol is removed from organism by oxidation and it is happening in liver. It depends on the human weight.